| Information | |
|---|---|
| has gloss | (noun) a drug that induces sleep hypnotic, soporific |
| has gloss | eng: : For the state of mind see Hypnosis. Hypnotic (also called soporific) drugs are a class of psychoactives whose primary function is to induce sleep and to be used in the treatment of insomnia and in surgical anesthesia. When used in anesthesia to produce and maintain unconsciousness, "sleep" is metaphorical and there are no regular sleep stages or cyclical natural states when used in anesthesia; patients rarely recover from anesthesia feeling refreshed and with renewed energy. Because drugs in this class generally produce dose-dependent effects, ranging from anxiolysis to production of unconsciousness, they are often referred to collectively as sedative-hypnotic drugs. Often the treatment of insomnia will not begin with drugs at all. Since many hypnotic drugs are habit-forming, a physician will usually recommend alternative sleeping patterns, sleep hygiene, and exercise before prescribing medication for sleep, due to a large number of factors known to disturb the human sleep pattern. Hypnotic medication when prescribed should be used for the shortest period of time possible. |
| lexicalization | eng: Hypnotics |
| lexicalization | eng: hypnotic |
| lexicalization | eng: soporific |
| subclass of | (noun) an agent that induces drowsiness or sleep hypnagogue |
| subclass of | (noun) a substance that is used as a medicine or narcotic drug |
| has subclass | (noun) a soporific drug that produces an uncontrollable desire to sleep narcoleptic |
| has subclass | (noun) a soporific drug in the form of a pill (or tablet or capsule) sleeping draught, sleeping capsule, sleeping tablet, sleeping pill |
| has instance | e/Narcosynthesis |
| has instance | e/Purple drank |
| has instance | e/ja/ベゲタミン |
| has instance | e/ru/Бромурал |
| has instance | e/ru/Веронал |
| Meaning | |
|---|---|
| Arabic | |
| has gloss | ara: المنومات Hypnotics مجموعة من الأدوية الفعالة نفسيا القادرة على إدخال الإنسان في النوم، وتستعمل لعلاج حالات الأرق insomnia الشديد. |
| lexicalization | ara: منوم |
| Azerbaijani | |
| lexicalization | aze: Yuxu |
| Bulgarian | |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | bul: приспивателно |
| Czech | |
| has gloss | ces: Hypnotikum je léčivo, které vyvolává spánek či usnadňuje usínání. Hypnotika obvykle působí v mozku prostřednictvím receptoru pro kyselinu gama-aminomáselnou (tzv. GABA-ionofor). |
| lexicalization | ces: Hypnotika |
| lexicalization | ces: Hypnotikum |
| German | |
| has gloss | deu: Ein Schlafmittel oder Hypnotikum (von gr. ὕπνος, hypnos – „Schlaf“, „Hypnos“ Gott des Schlafes) ist ein Stoff, der den Schlafvorgang fördert. Dabei gibt es fließende Grenzen zu den Beruhigungsmitteln (Sedativa) einerseits und zu den Betäubungsmitteln (Narkotika) andererseits. Schlafmittel basieren auf synthetisch hergestellten oder natürlich vorkommenden, pflanzlichen Wirkstoffen. Mittel, die den natürlichen Schlaf direkt bewirken, sind nicht bekannt. |
| lexicalization | deu: Schlafmittel |
| lexicalization | deu: Hypnotikum |
| lexicalization | deu: Schlaftablette |
| Esperanto | |
| lexicalization | epo: dormigilo |
| Persian | |
| lexicalization | fas: خوابآور |
| Finnish | |
| lexicalization | fin: Unilääkkeet |
| French | |
| has gloss | fra: Les hypnotiques (ou somnifères) sont une classe de médicaments ayant la propriété d'induire le sommeil ou en langage courant de servir de calmant pour des personnes qui auraient du mal à dormir. |
| lexicalization | fra: Hypnotique |
| lexicalization | fra: somnifère |
| lexicalization | fra: soporifique |
| Croatian | |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | hrv: narkotik |
| Interlingua (International Auxiliary Language Association) | |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | ina: soporifico |
| Italian | |
| lexicalization | ita: sonnifero |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | ita: ipnotica |
| Japanese | |
| has gloss | jpn: 睡眠導入剤（すいみんどうにゅうざい,Hypnotic pills）は、不眠状態や睡眠が必要な状態に用いる薬物。睡眠時の緊張や不安を取り除き、寝付きを良くするなど作用がある。「睡眠薬」とも呼ばれる。 |
| lexicalization | jpn: 睡眠導入剤 |
| Korean | |
| lexicalization | kor: 수면제 |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | kor: 최면술의 |
| lexicalization | kor: 최면에 걸린 사람 |
| lexicalization | kor: 최면제 |
| Dutch | |
| has gloss | nld: Een slaapmiddel is een geneesmiddel dat slaap veroorzaakt, in de zin van makkelijker in slaap vallen en/of langer doorslapen. De meest gebruikte slaapmiddelen behoren tot de groep van benzodiazepines. Deze middelen bezitten tevens kalmerende en angstverminderende eigenschappen. |
| lexicalization | nld: slaapmiddel |
| Norwegian | |
| has gloss | nor: Hypnotika er en betegnelse på legemidler som gir en søvninduserende virkning. I Norge bruker man primært tre typer: |
| lexicalization | nor: hypnotika |
| Polish | |
| has gloss | pol: Leki nasenne – preparat farmakologiczny lub produkt spożywczy, mający za zadanie ułatwienie zaśnięcia osobom charakteryzującym się trudnościami z zasypianiem, częstym budzeniem się podczas snu czy zbyt krótkim okresem snu. |
| lexicalization | pol: Leki nasenne |
| Portuguese | |
| has gloss | por: Hipnóticos são fármacos capazes de induzir o sono. Podem ser considerados hipnóticos fármacos como benzodiazepínicos, barbitúricos, além dos próprios medicamentos pertencentes a esta classe. |
| lexicalization | por: Hipnótico |
| Russian | |
| has gloss | rus: Снотворные средства (от лат. hypnotica; син. гипнотические средства, уст.) — группа психоактивных лекарственных средств, используемых для облегчения наступления сна и обеспечения его достаточной продолжительности, а также при проведении анестезии. В настоящее время классификация АТС не выделяет такой отдельной фармакологической группы. |
| lexicalization | rus: снотворные средства |
| Slovak | |
| has gloss | slk: Hypnotiká sú látky ktoré pri terapeutickej dávke vyvolávajú útlm centrálnej nervovej sústavy a navodzujú spánok alebo stav veľmi podobný spánku; pôsobia teda hypnoticky. |
| lexicalization | slk: Hypnotikum |
| lexicalization | slk: uspávadlo |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | slk: uspávací |
| Slovenian | |
| has gloss | slv: Uspaválo (tudi hipnotik) je zdravilna učinkovina, ki povzroča fiziološkemu spancu podobno stanje oziroma lajša nespečnost. Pri tem ni ostrih meja med njimi in pomirjevali na eni strani ter anestetiki na drugi. |
| lexicalization | slv: Uspavala |
| lexicalization | slv: Uspavalo |
| Castilian | |
| has gloss | spa: :Para el estado psicológico, ver Hipnosis Los fármacos hipnóticos son drogas psicotrópicas psicoactivas que inducen somnolencia y sueño. Se los puede dividir en dos grupos principales según su uso y vías de administración. |
| lexicalization | spa: Hipnotico |
| lexicalization | spa: hipnótico |
| lexicalization | spa: somnífero |
| lexicalization | spa: somnífera |
| lexicalization | spa: soporífera |
| lexicalization | spa: soporífero |
| Serbian | |
| has gloss | srp: Хипнотици су дрога и седативи који изазивају стање обамрлости или сна успоравањем телесних функција. Користи се у третману несанице (инсомније) и у умиривању анксиозних или агресивних особа. Хипнотици изазивају психичку и физичку зависност. Постоји велики број ових супстанци али се најчешће користе бенседин, валијум и либријум, али је ефекат увек индивидуалан. |
| lexicalization | srp: Хипнотици |
| Swedish | |
| has gloss | swe: Sömnmedel eller hypnotika är läkemedel som används vid insomningsproblem och sömnsvårigheter. Bland sömnmedel skiljer man på sömntabletter och insomningstabletter: |
| lexicalization | swe: sömnmedel |
| Thai | |
| has gloss | tha: ยานอนหลับ เป็นยากดประสาทที่ทำหลับ นิยมใช้ทางการแพทย์เพื่อทำให้คนไข้หลับ ยานอนหลับมี 3 ชนิด ได้แก่ # ยานอนหลับแบบกิน # ยานอนหลับแบบฉีด # ยานอนหลับแบบดม |
| lexicalization | tha: ยานอนหลับ |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | tha: ยาที่ทำให้ง่วงนอน |
| Turkish | |
| has gloss | tur: Hipnotik, merkezî sinir sisteminin çalışmasının yavaşlatıcı madde. Farmakolojik olarak uygun dozda kullanıldığı zaman uyku sağlayan ilaçlardır. Hipnotik etki sedatif etkiden daha güçlüdür. Birçok hipnotik ilaç yüksek dozda anestezik etki gösterir. Aynı şekilde bazı anestezikler de düşük konsantrasyonlarda hipnotik etki gösterir. |
| lexicalization | tur: Hipnotikler |
| lexicalization | tur: hipnotik |
| Chinese | |
| has gloss | zho: 安眠药是一种能对大脑皮层和中枢神经起抑制作用，少量服用可引起睡眠，过量则可导致中毒的镇静型药物。应选用较安全的安眠药，国家支持药店按需销售安眠药以利公众健康和药店效益。失眠者按需服用安眠药有利于身体健康和治疗失眠。 |
| lexicalization | zho: 安眠药 |
| Links | |
|---|---|
| similar | e/Hypnotic |
| Media | |
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| media:img | A child sleeping.jpg |
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